Whenever you want to manipulate rendered objects. When the user undos and redos, the system just has to figure out which of those values to restore to the property.Īll of this is achieved with property definitions such as this: That event captures the property’s value before and after the change. When a property changes, an undo change event is registered with the OS (Apple has NSUndoManager). The undo (and redo) system of the app is based on property changes. (Circuits can contain binary data thanks to image and board import facilities.) I also chose to use the BSON serialization format so that the app could handle binary data more efficiently. I’m able to serialize and restore entire object graphs (thanks to its object reference handling) and only have to be careful that I don’t serialize more than I need to. Serialization is a simple process thanks to advanced libraries like Newtonsoft.Json. The key was to base both undo and serialization on properties of objects. I decided to solve both problems in a generic way that would require very little on-going work.
ICIRCUIT REFERENCE HOW TO
Properties FTWĪ mental road block I often run into when starting a new app is how to handle serialization and undo buffers. Sometimes when you’re stuck, the best thing to do is to lean into your strengths. I’ve been writing OOP programs since the 1990s and I am very comfortable with the abstraction and patterns. I decided to go OOP, in some ways, to rid myself of writer’s block too. Like it or hate it, OOP is well understood at this point. But react style programming of a real-time engine like this is not trivial and I found myself trailblazing a bit more than I like. This is funny considering that I am quite an advocate for functional programming and more reactive style UI design these days. In fact, this may be the largest OOP app I’ve ever built. :-) The null reference checking feature of C# 8 has been especially useful in tracking down bugs. I started with C# 7 but C# 9 had already been released by the time I shipped the app. ICircuit 3D is written 100% in C# using Xamarin.iOS and Xamarin.Mac. Maybe you can get some ideas for your next app from it! So here is a very extended colophon for the app. iCircuit 3D has been a work of passion over the last couple years and I thought I would take a moment to describe some of the more interesting technical aspects of it.
ICIRCUIT REFERENCE MAC
See also hybrid integrated circuit.Today I’m pleased to announce the macOS release of iCircuit 3D! Last week I released the iOS version to a wonderful reception and I’m happy to now be able to give all the Mac users out there the same experience. These terms are now not widely used because all modern chips are VSLI.ĭigital integrated circuits are often represented by their logic function rather than their electronic function in order to ease their understanding.
This formerly led to the following differentiation: The complexity of a digital circuit produced on a single chip is usually described in terms of the number of transistors involved, or sometimes of the number of logic gates. These may be combined on the chip to make a wide variety of digital and analog circuits. The improvement in the fabrication technology of integrated circuits has made possible the construction of a huge number of components on a single chip. They are also less simple to fabricate than MOS circuits. Compared with MOS circuits, bipolar circuits have higher operating speeds but have the disadvantages of high power consumption and low packing density. In bipolar integrated circuits the components are bipolar transistors and other devices that are fabricated using the p-n junction properties of semiconductors. The development of MOS technology has allowed extremely complex functions to be performed on a single chip. MOS circuits have a high packing density. A very large number of MOSFETs can be packed together on one silicon chip, i.e. In MOS integrated circuits the active devices are MOSFETs, which operate at low currents and high frequencies. The individual devices normally consist of semiconductor diodes, transistors, and resistors. An implementation of a particular electronic-circuit function in which all the individual devices required to realize the function are fabricated on a single chip of semiconductor, usually silicon.
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